Care Values and Communication in a Hospital setting Essay

The consideration esteems are a lot of decides and rules that each care expert needs to follow so as to offer types of assistance to their customers. The general point of the principles is to improve client’s personal satisfaction by guaranteeing that every individual gets the consideration that is generally suitable for them as a person. The three principle care esteems are Confidentiality, Equality and Diversity and Individual rights and convictions. By accomplishing these consideration esteems we can improve the nature of mind and permit all patients to be treated as a person with deference. Slideshare.net (2012) http://www.slideshare.net/j.slack/what-is-the-care-esteem base (Accessed: 22 January 2013) Privacy is a significant standard in wellbeing and social consideration as it forces limits on the measure of individual data and information that can be revealed without assent. Classification is the place an individual uncovering individual data anticipates that their security should be ensured, for example, seeing someone trust. Anyway in certain circumstances classification can be countered, when there is open enthusiasm for others being shielded from hurt. UCeL (2012_ http://www.ucel.ac.uk/rlos/secrecy/(Accessed: 22 January 2013) Secrecy is significant in light of the fact that as medicinal services laborers our capacity to effectively analyze and treat our patients relies upon getting a right clinical and social history, and having our patients confides in us. On the off chance that a patients feels that the expert would share this data they may not give them reality and without that significant data they could make an inappropriate conclusion and wrong treatment. Hurray answers (2012) http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070820014312AAuFE9q (Accessed: 25 January 2013) Confidentiality can be utilized in oral correspondence in an emergency clinic setting, For instance if a patients moved toward their GP about a private and humiliating issue they would be relied upon to show that patient regard and not to share the data given with any other person. A case of a period where this could be shared is if their GP needed to send them for tests and needed to educate a pro about their condition. Another sort of correspondence is composed this could be utilized to advance secrecy as all paper based records must be secured away a file organizer and just be gotten to by those approved to. Additionally to get to your own records you should compose a letter and sit tight endorsement for this. Likewise for archives composed on the PC there are different passwords and back up alternatives for if the server goes down or a records is erased. A case of how classification can be utilized in electronic correspondence would have passwords and programmed bolts on staff’s PCs and email accounts so no one but they can get to their own patient’s data and no different individuals from staff or unapproved people. The last sort of correspondence is expert one case of how this can be utilized in secrecy is if an individual has hearing hindrances and needs to utilize gesture based communication to speak with their primary care physician. On the off chance that their primary care physician is giving those outcomes or data on their wellbeing and needs to utilize gesture based communication they may require a mediator and the patients might need to utilize a calm and encased live with the blinds shut just in the event that any other individual can see the communication via gest ures being utilized and gets it. Another consideration esteem is Equality and Diversity. This implies rewarding everybody similarly paying little heed to their shading, age, sex, ethnicity, sexual direction, handicap and so on. This is distinctive to rewarding individuals equivalent to various individuals have various requirements, so independence ought to be considered. For instance, it would not be equivalent treatment to give two distinct individuals data about the administrations accessible written in English, in the event that one of those individuals communicated in another dialect and couldn't get English. Wiki.Answers (2012) http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_does_equality_and_diversity_mean_in_health_and_social_care (Accessed: 22 January 2013) We live in an undeniably assorted society and should have the option to react properly and delicately to this decent variety. Students in the social insurance setting will mirror this assorted variety around sex, race and ethnicity, incapacity, religion, sexuality, class and age. Effective execution of fairness and assorted variety in all parts of work guarantees that partners, staff and understudies are esteemed, spurred and rewarded reasonably. London Deanery (2012) http://www.faculty.londondeanery.ac.uk/e-learning/decent variety equivalent chances and-human-rights/what-is-balance and-assorted variety (Accessed: 25 January 2013) One case of how Equality and Diversity can be utilized in oral correspondence in a clinic setting is that a specialist would talk contrastingly to a kid than they would to a grown-up as kids will be unable to see a portion of the data they are being told on the off chance that they utilized large words and clinical language. Specialists ought to likewise utilize a more slow pace and delicate tone when addressing more youthful patients and inquire as to whether they comprehend what is being said in spite of the fact that they ordinarily have a parent or gatekeeper to go with them. A case of how Equality and Diversity can be utilized in composed correspondence would be if a patient can't peruse or communicate in English they may need to deliver pamphlets in their language so they comprehend their condition or sickness and what treatment is required all the more unmistakably. A case of how Equality and Diversity can be utilized in modernized correspondence would have sound depictions and talking pages on the NHS site so individuals with sight obstructions can in any case get to the data they bring to the table. The last kind of correspondence is expert and a case of how this can advance fairness and Diversity is if a patient doesn’t communicate in English they may require an interpreter to help the patient in conversing with the specialist and to help the specialist diagnosing the patient. This permits the patient to get the clinical consideration they require and are qualified for without them learning a second language which makes them equivalent yet additionally person. Individual’s rights and Beliefs implies being treated as a person as per our own needs, every individual needs to be dealt with reasonably, in the consideration part it is absolutely critical that a help client is dealt with decently and furthermore rewarded with affection, care and regard. The individual rights are regard, decision, nobility, insurance, and uniformity, access to data, non-segregation, and successful correspondence. They likewise reserve the privilege to their own convictions and a specialist must regard a patients convictions and choice’s while rewarding them. Wiki.Answers (2012) http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_individual_rights_in_health_and_social_care (Accessed: 22 January 2013) When working inside a wellbeing and social consideration division based condition is to guarantee that each assistance client feels that they can confide in you as the specialist co-op.

Housing Estate in Cold-Water Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Lodging Estate in Cold-Water - Case Study Example This report relates to the improvement of Cold waters lodging activity as obvious from the PC charted picture above which will imply that the ebb and flow guide of the Cold-Water will have an enormous number of scene changes made to it with a potential use of land trades and remodeling.At the start it is conceivable to see from the graphically designed outline of the Waterside View above it tends to be seen that it isn't just a lodging region however the incorporation of the oceanic relaxation community is good to go to expand the business estimation of the home. The arrangement is to center upon terraced houses and low ascent pads for an expansion in the scene magnificence. The lodging domain will be finished with another relaxation community ,an open secured pool, a preparation pool, and liberal open doors for gymnastic and sports exercises. It is additionally arranged that there will be two close by single story retail stockrooms with far reaching surface vehicle leaving for them and n cafés/bistros with outside seating zones for the late spring. All vehicle adjusting will be underground. As referenced before the lodging plan incorporates a ton of low ascent pads which will associate with this business property and a liberal measure of arranging will be given from the dock region above. This territory was in the past a low compensation salary zone before the legislature too activities to draw out the business capability of this spot. The private lodging is for both business and board purposes. There is an aggregate of 55,600 sq m of private lodging accessible 60% of which depends on the PFI activity and will be sold or rented back to the Local Government.The issue here is that because of the absence of work and so forth there are probably going to be delays in building which may cause fines being forced upon the developing firms.These deferrals may likewise be bothered by the logical fights going on. The thought for the business settlement is attainable enough as the arrangement incorporates sensibly evaluated properties alongside galleries and rooftop plants and secure vehicle leaving underground. The socioeconomics, densities and styles around the territory and styles of nearby lodging improvements There are numerous areas encompassing Cold water like as Steel Town, Chemical Town, Coal Town where is there is a wild issue of monetary decrease and an adjustment in work. New

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Network ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS - Essay Example This definition respects wellbeing to be an all encompassing idea that incorporates physical, mental, social, and social angles. Essential human services (PHC) is the new worldview whereupon accomplishment of comprehensive wellbeing objectives has gotten conceivable. General human services lays on fulfillment of good wellbeing through network strengthening, coordination, anticipation, and wellbeing training (Funnell, Koutoukidis, and Karen, 2008). In this way, Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion-1986 and Alma-Ata Declaration-1978, have become systems whereupon PHC fabricates and works. Wellbeing appraisal and analysis is a piece of essential human services, and this is crucial explicitly in planning, bundling, and actualizing social insurance projects and strategies. In this manner, an intensive comprehension of wellbeing appraisal and determination is commonly significant as imposing establishment to fulfillment of good essential medicinal services program or arrangement. Network Health Assessment So as to have an intensive comprehension of the network, network appraisal has become one method of comprehension and conceptualizing network. Vollman, Anderson, and McFarlane (2007) portray network evaluation as a sorted out, organized, and sensible procedure that includes facilitated endeavors to comprehend a specific network. The job of network appraisal can't be overlooked by any expert, since network evaluation is related with want to recognize attractive and unfortunate factors that impact the wellbeing prosperity of individuals in the network. Simultaneously, Hancock and Minkler (1997) find out that network wellbeing evaluation assumes job in creating data for change and ensuing strengthening (refered to in Vollman, Anderson, and McFarlane, 2007). Network as-Partner Model The model depends on Neuman’s model of absolute individual methodology, which recognizes (Anderson and McFarlane, 2010). At first, the model was made as network as-customer model to delineate the requi rement for general wellbeing nursing however was later renamed network as-accomplice model to reflect parts of essential social insurance (Anderson and McFarlane, 2010). The model coordinates and reflects parts of frameworks models whereby, various parts interrelate and work in solidarity however the bigger (entire) framework is viewed as more prominent than the sub-sets frameworks. The model coordinates the four parts of nursing - individual, condition, wellbeing, and nursing. Network as-accomplice model expands on two central point instilled in the model: network as accomplice, and the usage of nursing procedure to work among network individuals (Anderson and McFarlane, 2010). Network appraisal wheel Source: Anderson and McFarlane, 2010 As the model can delineate, key ideas of the model incorporate network center, eight associating network subsystems, network stressors, and limits, which have been named as typical degree of barrier, adaptable line of protection, and lines of prote ctions (Lundy and Janes, 2009). Center comprises network individuals with their qualities, convictions, and history, and thusly, the center impacts and it is affected by the eight between related subsystems. The subsystems incorporate physical condition, training, wellbeing and transportation, legislative issues and administration, wellbeing and social administrations, correspondence, financial aspects, and amusement (Lundy and Janes, 2009). Aside from doing evaluation on these two viewpoints, network nurture is additionally required to direct appraisal of current stressors that to a great extent make the network experience pressure, ordinary degree of d

Poem Example -

As we discussed in our previous article, you must already know how to write a poem. Sometimes, teachers will ask students to write poems as an assignment, so you will have to channel your creativity to submit a poem that will earn a respectable grade. A poem can be about anything; it can be about something or someone, an event, a pet, a place. It entirely depends on your muse and what inspires you at the moment. Like you learned, a poem is more powerful when written with passion. It must be about something that you feel so passionately about, something you love or hate (like this poem example). It must be so that the words flow easy and without much effort. While there are many forms of the poem, its certain that when you think of a poem, you immediately think of the most common one the one that rhymes.Read this poem example: April 30, 1945Twelve years of anguish, torture, millions killed, countless gassedAnd scores of other victims, justice feared to have passed.Evil, humorless man wanted the world to be his empire immortal,Now takes his turn to create his own sad funeral.Nineteen forty-four, enemy armies came ashore,Defeat was imminent, it pierced your armor.Your homeland ravaged, you and your men surrounded.Allies to the West, in the East the Red you most dreaded.Lives and dreams ended because of your twisted belief,Now all nations sigh collective relief.The maniac who desired to breed a master human race,Pumps a bullet to his own head to save face.Didnt all humanity weep at your unspeakable atrocity?Now the world desires to see you dead, your very own fatality.You brainwashed minds, betrayed hearts and instilled hate,Before taking your own life, still you wished for heavens gate.The world rejoices about your death,Learns a bitter lesson it will never forget.Uncertainty looms from all this bloodstained rubble,Humanity still won and didnt completely crumble.SettingIn this poem, place yourself in the shoes of a World War IIsurvivor and how he/she felt after h earing that the leader of the most brutal regimes in history, Nazi Germanys Adolf Hitler, had committed suicide that marked the end of fighting in Europe.SummaryThe title refers to the day of his death and the poem encapsulates the elation the author felt upon hearing the news. Longer than the simplest form of a poem, its 5 stanzas enable the poem to be somewhat parallel to a short story. A reminder of the early years of the war, perpetration of the evil ideology, the sacrifice of lives, the unavoidable comeuppance, and the lesson humanity learned, written in chronological order as the poem progresses.Punctuation and emotionRead it again, but this time, do it slowly, with a loud voice, and with emotion. Observe the proper pauses brought by the punctuation, and intonations. Most importantly, do not be in a hurry. Feel the words and the message they send. Whatever the poem is about, it is important to invest yourself emotionally while reading it so that you can feel the emotion that d rove the author to write it.Line after line, a poem has the ability to make the reader slowly unfold its message. You are surely sensitive enough to feel the emotions that come from the words. Only when you do that can the poems message be felt. Do not hesitate to read the poem over and over again if you think you are failing to get that feeling. Indeed, poetry is one of the most treasured and colorful forms of literature, a story in and of itself.Custom paper writing service company for studentsPoetry, a refreshing and mind-expanding mental and emotional exercise for student writers. On the other hand, it is the bane of many others. We at are cognizant of this truth. With tons of writing faced every day by college students, only a fraction of students have the time, skill, and energy to devote to this kind of writing. Writing poetry is just like essay writing, it is an acquired skill. For students who do not have the mastery of the language, especially those majoring in science fi elds, this can be a challenge. That is why is considered as the leading academic ghostwriting service company in the world - owing to our ability to produce custom papers for students who are not that great at writing. For a custom essay or custom research paper help, come to us and we will liberate you from worry and stress, so you can be productive in the other aspects of academics. Feel free to send us a message or order directly if the stress is mounting. You owe it to yourself to lead a more balanced, stress-free college life.

Racism and Intolerance in America During the 1920s Essay

Racism and Intolerance in America During the 1920s In the 1920s, it was widely believed around the world that the USA was a land of freedom and prosperity, in which an individual could escape from the poverty that plagued many parts of the world and build a better life for themselves and their family. In theory, America was a melting pot - immigrants would come into the country and lose their cultural identity to all fall under one label - American. However, the reality of life in America was quite different. Members of similar backgrounds tended to live together in certain areas of big cities, where there would be extreme poverty - an example of this is Harlem in New York. These would generally be†¦show more content†¦Employers used violent and intimidating tactics with Government approval during these disputes. The real reasons for the majority of these strikes were startlingly bad pay and working conditions. Despite workers in heavy industries often having to work more than twelve hours a day, average wages between 1914-1919 were way below the cost of living. The public and government had no interest in this matter, though, and reacted to the strikes as the start of a communist revolt across America. A series of bombing incidents took place in 1919, one destroying part of the home of the Attorney-General, Mitchell Palmer. Mobs and the police attacked May Day parades and the press caused a sensation. Socialist organization were raided and pamphlets were seized. After his home was attacked, Mitchell Palmer became devoted to fighting against Reds. Up to 6000 suspected aliens were rounded up across the USA, and 556 were deported. In the end, it was shown that most of the suspects were not advocates of communism. Some people used the Red Scare as an excuse to attack a particular ethnic group that they disliked - less established immigrants such as Jews or Black people. Trade unions were weakened in the 1920s by persecution. In 1921, the Republicans won the election, with Warren Harding as the President. They decided that problems thought to be caused by immigration, such asShow MoreRelatedAmerica in the 1920s762 Words   |  4 PagesWhich were the more typical of 1920s of America: Prohibition and intolerance or the Jazz Age and increasing social freedom? The 1920’s were seen as a prosperous time for America, judging by the increasing economic strength, the development of new industries and new methods of production and, by the time of rebellion and liberation that came with it. The 1920’s are often reffered to as the ‘Roaring Twenties’ or the Jazz Age, a period of great fun and enjoyment. However, not everyone agreed withRead MoreThe 1960s Of The 1920s Essay1331 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1920s were a time of optimism for many Americans. Most remember the era as the â€Å"Roaring Twenties†, a term that calls up images of listening to jazz in Harlem Nightclubs, happy people dancing the famous Charleston, or people piling into inexpensive Model T Fords for joy rides around the city. People enjoyed the rapid advances in medicine, a thriving economy, and many technological conveniences in their lives. However, despite all of the bright spots during the 1920s there were several dark spotsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem America By Claude Mckay1223 Words   |  5 PagesThe seeds of racial tension in America have been consistently propagated throughout our nation’s contentious history. In the South where human chattel was seen as daily business, the southern plantation owner was able to psychologically reconcile the slaves’ place as nothing more than an instrument. Following the controversial demise of these more harrowing times of racial intolerance, an equally formidable successor had rapidly risen to prominence: segregation. Black people had once again foundRead MoreArc Of Justice : A Saga Of Race, Civil Rights, And Murder1160 Words   |  5 Pagesexplain the trial of Ossian and Gladys Sweet regarding their home, but is also a testament to the terrors of racial prejudice. b) How does the case of Ossian and Gladys Sweet reveal the racism of the 1920s and affect other African American people? c) As shown in Arc of Justice, Ossian’s life and trial reveal racism in occupations, politics, the education system, and the housing market; however, it also was a beacon of hope for his race as the trial resulted in a victory. d) This question is importantRead MoreAmerican Isolationism Essay1668 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the 1920’s, the economy of America was thriving. The First World War had created new jobs and industries; members of society, such as women, were becoming more profound in society and their roles were becoming redefined. The United States was emerging as the industrial giant of the world. To protect the American consumers from imported goods from Europe and encourage American products, the government of the United States imposed high tariffs. Essentially, the United States no longer desireRead MoreWorld War Ii Research Report Essay1668 Words   |  7 Pagescontext of World War II and Western ideals, including the roots of anti-Semitism and intolerance of those considered inferior in Germany, a comparison of anti-Semitic actions in Germany, also an explanation of The Final Solution. This paper concludes with a description of the aftermath of World War II. The Rise of Totalitarianism in Italy Political changes totalitarianism and fascism in Italy during 1918. Benito Mussolini advocated a violent revolution to over throw the parliamentaryRead MoreSummary Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1545 Words   |  7 Pagescircle in which radical attitudes and the spewing of hatred finds a friend. How can there be a community of people that operates a hate organization in today s society? With the youth of today becoming more integrated and accepting, how is it that racism can flourish? Although on the surface it appears that people are open minded, there is an underground society which preaches and breeds the bigoted mindset of the KKK. This populous is propagated to believe racist attitudes and behaviors, cultivatedRead MoreJackie Robinson And The Civil Rights Movement1432 Words   |  6 PagesBaseball has always been more than just a sport to the American people. For many, it is a way of life, teaching not just brute skills but life lessons and morals. In the wake of World War I, racism and bigotry abounded in the United States. Even though the integration of schools had recently been instated, Jim Crow laws severely limited the activity of African Americans in society, resulting in baseball teams being limited to whites. Jackie Robinson made an important step in gaining r ights for AfricanRead MoreThe World s Best Hope1951 Words   |  8 Pages During 1920’s America, we saw a multitude of both benefactors and opposition. A large majority of these benefactors were individuals within politics or business. Despite this, America had an unfounded worldwide contribution to economic growth, racialist activism and potential political proxy. America had a well-established political system that ensured extensive industrial growth in a short period of time through use of the availability of cheap labour overseas to captivate upon the lucrative sourceRead MoreThe Black Of Black Ideology1434 Words   |  6 Pagesunions were common within separatist nationalism agendas, due to the projected economic, cultural, and political strengthening and growth. Martin R. Delany s and others proposals to emigrate to Africa, Canada, or South America during the 1840s and 1850s; Marcus Garvey s 1920s plan to repatriate to Liberia; or Malcolm X’s push for the development of an Afrocentric society, with values and customs designed to benefit black people. Nationalism remains a strong concept within the average black person

Why China Is The World s Fastest Growing Economies

Similar to any other commodity commodities, demand for oil plays a very strong role in determining its price. Currently the continents that consume the most oil are Asia followed closely by North America. In 2008 Asia first passed North America in oil consumption due primarily to the developing economies of China and India and by 2010 the Asian continent was consuming around 25 million barrels of oil per day. This is primarily because these economies have historically been manufacturing based economies with extremely large populations, which require large amounts of oil to keep running. China is the world’s largest manufacturer and purchaser of cars, and thus is the largest importer of oil in the world. Although China is one of†¦show more content†¦Regardless of the reason, this means that China may lower its demand for oil and thus negatively impact the price of oil. In addition to the decline of the Chinese economy, demand for oil is also affected by environm ental concerns because burning oil creates carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that is contributing to global warming. In recent years there has been a growing emphasis on reducing carbon emissions in order to become more environmentally friendly. Businesses, countries, and consumers are encouraged to pollute less and leave a smaller carbon footprint. For example, China, the world’s largest consumer of oil, now holds the most wind turbines which shows a push to become less reliant on oil and more environmentally friendly. This is especially evident after the recent United Nations Conference on Climate Change, or COP 21, which was held in Paris last December. At this conference world leaders agreed to combat global warming by trying to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and aiming to become carbon neutral by the second half of the century. This will certainly negatively affect the demand for oil not just in the present, but for years to come as the world tries to shift from a stron g oil reliance to alternative fuels. Although the world may be in search for of alternative fuel sources, cheap oil hinders this search because it lowers its incentives. The

Ethical Issues in Bussiness Networking

Question: Discuss about the Ethical Issues in Bussiness Networking. Answer: Introduction Business networking is an important aspect in the growth of any business or organization. It is a process through which one is able to establish cordial relationship with new clients and business partners. This can be achieved through face-face interactions, introductions in conferences, meetings or by social networks such as emails, websites, phones or Facebook. Business networking opens doors for new opportunities in your business as well as giving one a chance to market his or her ideas. Networking has numerous benefits to the organization; it helps make new contacts and referrals, keep at per with the new trends, helps in problem solving and also in sharing and obtaining knowledge and experience among other business people. With the increasing rate of business networking the issue of ethics has arisen which needs to be addressed so as to enhance business performance (Halinen and Jokela, p. 341). This paper therefore, discusses various ethical issues surrounding the concept of bus iness networking. Business Ethics Business ethics is a code of conduct that distinguishes wrong from right. It guides how a business should operate and carry out its operations. Business ethics all starts from the point of personal ethics. Honesty and fairness are key in carrying out the operations of a business. Fairness and honesty creates a fair competition while enabling the organization to achieve its objectives and goals. Ethical behavior in a business boosts the sales and profits thereby increasing productivity. It also attracts foreign investors as well as keeping the share price of the company high (Brickley et al., p. 1827). Ethics in Business networks In every business dealings and exchange, ethics has become an important element. Business networking is possible through resource ties, actor bonds and activity links which brings interdependence and therefore the issue of ethical concerns arise. The ties made in networking is expected to last and have some future returns. Due to the close social interaction that occurs in this relationship, then ethically right behavior or norms plays a key role in ensuring the sustainability of the relationship. Having the right ethical behavior can create a healthy and conducive business environment which could in turn be of benefit to the organizations and the created networks hence improving companys performance and competitiveness. Ethics in business networking sets rules and regulations governing on what is wrong and right or the right and wrong behavior in business interaction. There are various issues which are of interest in business exchange and hence should be put into consideration. In n etworking you interact with people of different cultures, social norms and different language. Therefore, ethical issues become a crucial area that need to be addressed in relation to business networking (Aasland, p. 5). Due to increasing environmental problems facing businesses today and the globalization process, ethical issues have also increasingly gone high. Ethics in business can affect the firms characteristics and networks, sharing of the information, operation processes, business exchange and interaction with other stakeholders and the society. Therefore, morally upright attributes such as loyalty, truthfulness, integrity, honest and fair competition are necessary for business networks to have a long-lasting effect (Hkansson and Ford, p. 135). Ethical Theories and their Influence on Business networks Various theories of ethics have been postulated that give moral principles and guidelines on how people should interact in business networks. Deontological, utilitarian and virtue ethics are some ethical perceptives that are in use in business environment today. Deontologists believe that as long as an action conforms to the set ethical norms then its justified to perform it. Utilitarians on the other side believe in the positive outcome of an action (greatest potential utility). Putting into consideration the benefits and costs of an action, it should not harm but have a positive outcome. They also believe that egoistic motivations are a drive to a person acting morally. Therefore, in organization set-up, the individuals would be driven by their urge to maximize their profits and be productive. On the contrary, virtue ethics puts the interests of other people first. It seeks to do good for others. In the supplier relationship for instance, virtue ethics demands equality and justice for each and every involved party despite the fact that the parties are located in different locations (Hunt and Vitell, p. 146). Unethical behavior that may occur in the business networks has been illustrated by the virtue ethics. However, some people have tried to show the inefficiency of the virtue ethics in relation to business relationships. They argue that relational virtues as addressed by this theory is limited and therefore, when assessing its applicability, non-harming consequences of utilitarian theory should be indicated so as to be accommodative to other involved parties. Commitment to a relationship is key in ensuring the networks created lasts over long periods of time. It is morally upright to keep your promise and to be committed to whichever promise you make. Lack of commitment breaks the already established business ties which affects the business performance negatively. Nevertheless, parties can remain committed to a relationship if they know there is a reward to their contribution (Brass et al., p. 20). Normative Ethics in Business networking Normative theories of business ethics are divided into two categories. The consequentialist theories which determines the right and wrong of an action depending on the results obtained from the said action. Non-consequentialist on the other hand determines the rightfulness and wrongness of an action depending on the character of the action or its intrinsic feature. The egoists in the consequential theory determines whether an action is wrong or right based on their own interest. If an action undermines their personal interest, its morally wrong but if it enhances their personal interest its morally right. These are the factors that influence how people interact in business networking. However, since it is voluntary to join a certain business network, one should ask how the network conducts its businesses, either ethically or unethically. Every human activity has an ethical aspect (Hasnas, p. 30). There are three types of business networking influenced by normative theories; Utilitarian networking- its intention is to obtain as much benefits as possible in regards to economic advantages and in achievement of power, safety and protection. Its through business networking one is able to find a new job, contracts and clients. Networking can help also ensure maintenance of customers and in acquisition of useful information (Mel, p. 495). Emotional networking- its main aim is creating a pleasant and conducive relationship with other partners. Linked to what Aristotle termed as friendship for pleasure, and thereby you can find enjoyment and satisfaction from one another. Virtuous networking- looks at the positive ending of the action. It includes willingness of the person to help others in need without being forced. Also, contributing positively to the network gives one a great feeling of satisfaction. Despite all these, networking requires time, effort as well as money (Solomon, p. 1031). Ethical Behavior in Exchange Relationships In urge to answer the question of when is exchange relationship ethical, understanding the concept of fair sharing and the role played by personal and interpersonal relationship, is essential. Ethical behavior and ethics in general have received much attention in relation to exchange relationships. In business networking, there is always exchange of ideas as well as future exchange of products and services. For an ethical relationship to be achieved, some traits are a must. Trust, commitment, equity, fairness, respect, transparency, responsibility and integrity are some of the positive virtues required in networking. Some authors however, believe these virtues as not a necessity of an ethical behavior but believe they are outcomes of ethical behavior. That these attributes are generated by the fact that an individual is ethically upright. Despite the fact that ethical behavior in business interactions means abstaining or refraining from the opportunistic behavior, the organizations o nly does so when they can benefit. And so, many organizations aim at safeguarding their interest at the expense of fair exchange (Gundlach and Murphy, p. 40). Distributive justice which is an aspect of virtue theory puts more emphasis on fairness in the ethical exchange behavior. In business networking, the involved parties express their views in order to achieve an amicable decision making process. Therefore, procedural justice also comes in as it ensures there is fairness in the integration process of the views expressed by the parties (Luo, p. 347). Unethical Behavior in Business network Setting. For a successful networking process, some ethical attributes such as sharing goals and resources, acting in good faith and in acceptable manner are essential. Otherwise, the unethical behavior such as misuse of power, abuse of trust, opportunism as well bringing harm to other parties, will affect business networking negatively. Misuse of trust or acting in bad faith is whereby an entrepreneur is in networking process but his intention is to take advantage rather than respecting legitimate norms of the network. Hiding relevant information from other parties with the aim of taking advantage of them as well as leaking information are bad virtues. These unethical behavior affects interactions in the business sector (Zuber, p. 162). Significance of Ethical Behavior Ethical behavior plays a vital role in the sustainability of business networks. Ethical behavior ensures companies interact well and thereby reaping maximum benefits from each other. Its important for each and every involved party to act morally right since the parties involved are divergent having different views and interests. Given the divergent nature that comes with networking, its prudent to put concerns of every person at heart. In exchange relationships, ethical norms have been emphasized as the governance mechanism. Business networking is established with an aim of continuity. To take the performance of your organization to a higher level. This is only possible if both parties act ethically and therefore, relationship continuation and future positive outcomes would be guaranteed (Trevio et al., p. 650). Does Ethical Behavior Contribute to Competitiveness or Does Competition Destroy Ethical Behavior? Competition in businesses can either be positive or negative. In the field of business networking competition can be seen as unethical and sometimes people refer to such scenarios as greed for power. Other authors however view market competition as an ethical act contrary to the believe of many. Ethical behavior is encouraged in business networking as well as in other societal sectors so as to promote peaceful co-existence and improve performance. Many companies and organizations have come to realization that ethical behavior is not only a moral obligation but also a smooth process of conducting business hence having a true competitive advantage. Unethical behavior usually affects the performance of competitors. In this world of changing technology and rapid innovation, sharing of information and knowledge becomes a critical issue. In a business network composed of competitive industries, the issue of information leakage becomes critical. Also the issue of equal contribution so as to avoid free-rider problems amongst the parties is a critical area that needs to be addressed ethically (Kulik et al., p. 715). Factors that Affects Ethical Behavior in Business networking Many individuals desire to be morally upright with few exceptions of course. However, some factors may affect ethical behavior observed in a person. Stages of moral development may contribute to how a person behaves at a specific stage. Research shows that at every successive stage, moral judgement of an individual deteriorates. During the pre-conventional stage, an individual upholds the set rules and regulations so as to avoid the punishment that may appear in the event that he or she doesnt adhere to them. The person also only follows the rules, if its of immediate interest to him. In the conventional stage, a person lives to please people close to him and only fulfills the obligations to which he had promised. In the last stage-the principled stage, an individual values rights of others and respects them despite what the majority or the society may feel. A person also follows ethical principles which he believes are right despite the fact they may be against the law. Therefore, d epending on which stage a person is, he will behave differently. Individual characteristics due to different beliefs and view of what is right and wrong, individual strengths, ego and locus of control are also determinants of how a person will ethically behave (Aragon, p. 25). Creating Value through Ethical Behavior in Business networks Ethicalness is vital in value creation. The main reason why organizations prefer networking, its because they can increase value of their products through different views from other parties. Morally upright ethics ensures great performance and satisfaction to every party involved and eventually there is a possibility of value accruing. The idea of distributional justice in networking enhances fairness in sharing and exchange of information and thereby improving partners commitment to each other, avoids opportunism and lessens need for monitoring and relational risk. On the other hand, unfair treatment causes division amongst themselves causing conflicts thereby weakening incentives to ethical behavior. Questions always arise on whether a business network expressing high ethical standards in its operations can out do an unethically operating network. However, despite the fact that some organizations can misuse power and abuse other trusts as well as perform all other unethical behavio r so as to succeed and outdo others, a network where there is fairness will grow together (Johnson et al., p.1150). An ethically operating network also has a good reputation. Having a good reputation can attract other quality partners hence improving on your business operations. It can also enhance the existing relationships enabling the involved organizations achieve their goals and objectives. It important however, for every member to involve themselves in ethical practices since unethical practice of one member can tarnish the image of the whole network (Cravens et al., p. 209). Conclusion Ethics plays a major role in the interaction of organizations. Ethical behavior in business networking, improves the performance for the whole chain of networks. It also creates value for its employees through satisfaction of their needs and creating a positive ethical reputation. References Aasland, D.G., 2004. On the ethics behind business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 53(1), pp.3-8. Aragon, A., AlDoubi, S., Kaminski, K., Anderson, S.K. and Isaacs, N., 2014. Social networking: Boundaries and limits part 1: Ethics. TechTrends, 58(2), p.25. Brass, D.J., Butterfield, K.D. and Skaggs, B.C., 1998. Relationships and unethical behavior: A social network perspective. Academy of Management Review, 23(1), pp.14-31. Brickley, J.A., Smith Jr, C.W. and Zimmerman, J.L., 2002. Business ethics and organizational architecture. Journal of Banking Finance, 26(9), pp.1821-1835. Cravens, K., Oliver, E.G. and Ramamoorti, S., 2003. The Reputation Index: Measuring and Managing Corporate Reputation. European Management Journal, 21(2), pp.201-212. Gundlach, G.T. and Murphy, P.E., 1993. Ethical and legal foundations of relational marketing exchanges. The Journal of Marketing, pp.35-46. Hkansson, H. and Ford, D., 2002. How should companies interact in business networks? Journal of business research, 55(2), pp.133-139. Halinen, A. and Jokela, P., 2016. Exploring Ethics in Business Networks: Propositions for Future Research. In Extending the Business Network Approach (pp. 333-356). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Hasnas, J., 1998. The normative theories of business ethics: A guide for the perplexed. Business Ethics Quarterly, 8(01), pp.19-42. Hunt, S.D. and Vitell, S.J., 2006. The general theory of marketing ethics: A revision and three questions. Journal of Macromarketing, 26(2), pp.143-153. Johnson, J.P., Korsgaard, M.A. and Sapienza, H.J., 2002. Perceived fairness, decision control, and commitment in international joint venture management teams. Strategic Management Journal, 23(12), pp.1141-1160. Kulik, B.W., OFallon, M.J. and Salimath, M.S., 2008. Do competitive environments lead to the rise and spread of unethical behavior? Parallels from Enron. Journal of Business Ethics, 83(4), pp.703-723. Luo, Y., 2009. From gain-sharing to gain-generation: The quest for distributive justice in international joint ventures. Journal of International Management, 15(4), pp.343-356. Mel, D., 2009. The practice of networking: An ethical approach. Journal of Business Ethics, 90, pp.487-503. Solomon, R.C., 2004. Aristotle, ethics and business organizations. Organization Studies, 25(6), pp.1021-1043. Trevio, L.K., den Nieuwenboer, N.A. and Kish-Gephart, J.J., 2014. (Un) ethical behavior in organizations. Annual review of psychology, 65, pp.635-660. Zuber, F., 2015. Spread of unethical behavior in organizations: A dynamic social network perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 131(1), pp.151-172.